Heat generation by resistance to the flow of current is used to develop resistance spot , seam , projection, upset butt and flash butt welding processes. Other processes like foil-butt seam , High frequency butt seam processes have been developed for specific applications .Sheet metal fabrication requires mass production processes like spot, seam , projection welding where lap joints are used. Butt welding processes like upset butt and flash butt are used for rod to rod , tube to tube , or ring type joints. Automobiles , railways , power plants and several other industrial sectors require these processes for mass production with good quality.Current research under my guidance includes comparison of direct and indirect spot welds for cold rolled steel sheets.You may contact for hard copies of published articles.